Cluster: Biotechnology - Wiki

Biotechnology is the use of technology to modify or manipulate living systems or parts of living systems for the generation of useful products, biological processing, to treat disease or to acquire knowledge. Products manufactured or processed using biotechnology are found in agricultural, pharmaceutical, food, chemical and biofuel industries. Biotechnology is also used in waste treatment.

Biotechnology fundamentals

Biotechnology is used to modify living systems or parts of living systems based on knowledge about essential parts or processes which allow living things to grow, reproduce, use resources and respond to their environment.

Biotechnology tools

Biotechnology tools have been developed in research areas such as molecular biology, biochemistry, immunology, genetics, microbiology, cell biology and agriculture.

Nucleic acid sequencing

Gene editing tools

Biomaterials

Biomaterials interact with biological systems. They can be natural or synthetic, alive or lifeless and are made of multiple components. Biomaterials are often used in medical applications.

Hyaluronic acid
Graphene-based biomaterials

Biomolecules

Biomolecules, also called biological molecules, are molecules produced by cells of living organisms. DNA, RNA and enzymes are examples of biomolecules. The following are biomolecules with uses in pharmaceuticals, food, cosmetics or textiles.

Hyaluronic acid
spider silk, recombinant spider silk is produced by Kraig Biocraft Laboratories
Mycotech

Mapping Projects

Mapping projects serve as reference manuals to living systems by showing the organization of components within living organisms. Mapping projects promote the sharing of biological information.

Human cell atlas

Allen Brain Atlas

Human Connectome Project

Human Protein Atlas

Standardization

Systems Biology Graphical Notation (SBGN) Project

BioBricks Foundation

Registry of Standard Biological Parts (iGEM)

Facilitating access to DNA sequences

The Free Genes Project

Large biopharmaceutical companies

Abbvie
Amgen
Roche
GlaxoSmithKline (GSK)
Gilead
Novartis
Merck
Actelion (acquired by Johnson & Johnson)
Sanofi
Pfizer
Adare Pharmaceuticals
Genentech
Jiangsu Hengrui Medicine

Therapeutics companies

The following companies are using biotechnology in disease research and in development and production of medicine or therapies for a range of injuries or illnesses.

Allergy

Diabetes

Betalin Therapeutics

Herpes

Software

Emerald Therapeutics

Drug delivery system

Xycrobe Therapeutics
Rani Therapeutics
Aryx Therapeutics
Ablitech, Inc.
Abraxis Bioscience
ZenCapsule (cancer treatments)
Evox Therpeutics (exosome delivery)
Anjarium Biosciences (engineered exosomes)
Kala Pharmaceuticals (ocular conditions)

Drug discovery platforms

Kidney disease

Akebia Therapeutics
Visterra (antibody-based medicines)

Pain treatment

Dermatology

Cancer

Immunotherapy

Rare disease

Therapeutics targeting RNA splicing

Envisagenics

Multi-drug resistant bacteria

ADHD treatment

Depression and anxiety

Autoimmune and inflammatory disease

Respiratory and pulmonary disease

Cardiovascular disease

Contract research companies

Ichor Therapeutics

Regenerative medicine

Neuromuscular disease

Alzheimer's, neurological and neurodegenerative diseases

Infertility

Contraceptives

YourChoice Therapeutics

Eye disease or injury

Bone repair and sports medicine

Eating disorders

Antibacterial products and therapeutics

Locus Biosciences

Aging

Fibrosis

Altay Biopharma

Plant-based manufacturing of therapeutics and vaccines

Medicago

Live bacteria therapeutic delivery systems

Genome editing and gene therapy

Editas Medicine

Intellia Therapeutics

CRISPR Therapeutics

Drug discovery in microbes

Vaccines and treatments for infectious disease

AbCellera Biologics
Clover Biopharmaceuticals
Distributed Bio
Inovio Pharmaceuticals
Meissa Vaccines
Microsynbiotix (oral vaccines for aquaculture produced in algae)
Moderna
Novavax
Regeneron
Sanofi Pasteur
Stemirna Therapeutics
Swiftscale Biologics
VIR Biotechology
Emergex Vaccines Holding Limited
Ligandal

Theranostics

Theranostics combines diagnotics and therapeutics.

In vitro diagnostics (IVD) and molecular diagnostics companies

Biotechnology is used by IVD companies to develop tests that detect diseases in vitro, meaning outside the body, from human samples like blood, urine and tissue. Molecular diagnostics are a subset of tests within IVD which detect DNA and RNA in order to assess health. Examples are detection of disease-causing gene mutations or presence of viral DNA or RNA. Detection of proteins using antibodies is considered separate from molecular diagnostics but falls under IVD. In addition to molecular diagnostics and immunoassays, the IVD market also includes clinical chemistry, hematology analyzers and microbiology culture.

Diagnostics tools

Cas12a based DETECTR system to detect viruses

Cas12a based HOMES system to detect viruses and small nucleotide polymorphism sites in human DNA related to health and personal characteristics

Cas13a based SHERLOCK to detect pathogenic viruses and bacteria

Cas12- and Cas13- based molecular diagnostics by Mammoth Biosciences

CRISPR-on-a-chip for cancer diagnostics

CRISPR-Chip

Advising oncology treatment based on molecular tests

Juniper Medical Computing

Personalized health and disease risk testing

Genetic Testing for Disease Risks

Epigenetic Testing for Disease Risks

Chronomics

Large Genomics and Health Studies

Genomes to People

Genomic analysis for drug development and deployment

Microbiome analysis

Juno Bio

Proteomics-based biomarkers

Inoviv

RNA-based biomarkers

Gatehouse Bio

Quantum computing applications in life sciences

Genetic ancestry testing

23andMe
Ancestry
HomeDNA
Living DNA
Gene-by-Gene provides Family Tree DNA
Gene-by-Gene runs the Genographics Project labs which uses the National Geographic Geno DNA Kit
African Ancestry
Full Genomes
DNA Tribes

Imaging technology and bioanalytics

Bioprinting

Vivax Bio and its subsidiary, 3D Bioprinting Solutions

Biotechnology companies that provide research tools

The following companies that produce instruments, kits, reagents and computer software for basic and applied biological research.

Merck KGaA
Qiagen
GenScript
Berkeley Lights
TouchLight
National Institute of Standards and Technology
Asimov (Biotechnology)
A-Alpha Bio
Oxford Genetics
SunP Biotech
Labcyte
Abgent
Bento Bioworks developed a portable DNA analysis kit called Bento Lab
Refeyn
Chai Biotechnologies
Arbor Biosciences

Microfluidic cell culture, organ-on-a-chip, human-on-a-chip

Sustainable and biodegradable materials

Food industry

Air Protein
Amai Proteins
Proterro
Solar Foods
MiProbes (biosensor for food contamination)

Textiles

Kraig Biocraft Laboratories

Chemical industry

Agriculture (Ag biotech)

Biological control systems

Oxitec (insect-based control of disease-carrying mosquitoes and crop-damaging insects)

Carbon capture and conversion

Floriculture

Florigene

Biofuels

First generation biofuels include ethanol and plant oil produced from sugar and starch. Second generation biofuels are produced from non-food biomass called lignocellulose and are called cellulosic biofuels. Third generation biofuels are derived from algae and produce feedstock as well as fuel. Fourth generation biofuels are electrofuels or photobiological solar fuels.

Proterro

Biomining and bioremediation

Wetware

Biotechnology in conservation

Revive & Restore

Skincare products

Blockchain and biology

The ability of blockchain to facilitate transparency, control and sharing of information, while keeping data secure, is being applied to biotechnology. Blockchain technology in data storage and online platforms can improve sharing and access to information and also provide quicker ways for tracking and managing various steps in drug development.

For immunotherapies such as CAR-T cell therapy, blockchain can provide ways to store, maintain, track and secure information about cells derived from a donor patient like editing performed, storage conditions and transport from donor to recipient. Information must be accessible to patients, physicians, laboratory scientists, logistics companies, supply chains and infusion centers.

Nebula Genomics (genome sequencing company)
Genexi (blockchain and cryptocurrency marketplace)
Orvium (scientific publishing)

Other biotechnology companies

Trade Associations

Biotechnology investment

Biotech startup support

Consultants in Biotechnology

ChinaBio

Research Institutes

National Institute of Biological Sciences in Beijing

Community biolabs and projects

Conferences

Transtech Conference
International Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Biotechnology
Discovery On Target
BIO-Europe
Biotech Showcase
Cell Series USA
The American Society of Human Genetics annual meeting
The American Society for Cell Biology annual meeting

Biosafety organizations

AMEXBIO

Timeline

People

Name

Role

Documentaries, videos and podcasts

Title

Date

Link

Companies

Company

CEO

Location

Products/Services

Two Pore Guys, Inc

Bill Dunbar

Santa Cruz, CA

Nanopore Detection Platform

News

Title

Author

Date

Publisher

Description

Govt mulls 'Mission COVID Suraksha' with Rs 3,000-cr corpus: Report

Press Trust of India

August 24, 2020

@bsindia

A Mission COVID Suraksha has been proposed to be set up with a corpus of nearly Rs 3,000 crore, sources said.

First human trial of COVID-19 vaccine gives positive results

May 22, 2020

news.google.com

Developed by Beijing-based firm, the vaccine shows development of both forms of immunity

New Task Force For COVID-19 Drug Testing, Vaccine: Centre

April 19, 2020

NDTV.com

The centre has formed a high-level task force to oversee the work being carried out to develop vaccine against COVID-19, which has killed over 500 people in the country.

Biotechnology firm ADC pulls listing amid latest IPO market jitters

Rebecca Spalding

October 3, 2019

Biotechnology company ADC Therapeutics SA postponed its planned $200 million (162.34 million pounds) U.S. initial public offering on Wednesday, citing adverse market conditions as it became the third company to pull a planned IPO in recent days.