Jerome David Salinger

J. D. Sallinger was born and grew up in a fashionable area of ​​New York - in Manhattan. His father, by the nationality of the Jew, was a successful merchant kosher cheese, mother had Scottish-Irish roots. As a child, Jerome was called Sonny. The Salinger family had a beautiful apartment on Avenue Park. After several years of study at the preparatory schools, Jerome visited the Military Academy Wales Fortj (1934-1936). Friends at the Academy later remembered that he was a stupid and witty man. In 1937, at the age of 18, Salinger spent five months in Europe. From 1937 to 1938, he is studying at Ursinus College, and then in New York University. He falls in love with O'Neal and writes her letters every day, later to a considerable surprise of Sallinger, she married Charlie Chaplin, who was much older than her.

In 1939, Sallinger studies the skill of writing stories at Columbia University at Whitta Bernett, founder and editor Stori Store ('Story Magazine'). During World War II, Sallinger was called upon and served in the infantry, participated in the Norman operation, his comrades said that he was very brave, the real hero. In the first months spent in Europe, Salinger managed to write several stories and meet with Ernest Hemingway in Paris. He also participated in one of the bloodiest episodes of the war in Hürtgenwald, a useless battle, where he witnessed the horrors of war.

In his famous story, "Dear ESM - with love and any abomination" ('For Esmé - With Love and Squalor'), Salinger depicted a tired American soldier. He begins a correspondence with a thirteen-year-old British girl who helps him again find interest in life. According to the biographer of Sallinger Jan Hamilton, the writer and himself subjected to hospitalization due to stress. After serving with army communications and counterintelligence from 1942 to 1946, he devoted himself to writing activities. He played poker with other beginner writers and walked gloomy by nature, but all the time winning. Sallinger considered Hemingway and Steinbeck by the Writers of the Second Grade, but praised Melville. In 1945, Sallinger married a Frenchwoman named Sylvia, she was a doctor. Later they were divorced, and in 1955 Sallinger married Claire Douglas, the daughter of the British art historian Robert Langton Douglas. Marriage collapsed in 1967, when Sallinger deepened in his inner world and Zen Buddhism.

The early stories of Salinger appeared in such editions as "Stori", where his first story was published in 1940, "Sathetya Ivning Post" and "Esquire", and then in New Yorker, which published almost all his later Texts. In 1948, "Fish-banana" ("A Perfect Day for Bananafish" appeared "(" A Perfect Day for Bananafish "), about Simor Glass, committing suicide. This is the earliest mention of the charming family, the stories about which will be the main written writing. The cycle about the Glass continued in the collections of "Franni and Zui" (1961), "above rafters, carpenters" (1963) and "Simor: Introduction" (1963). Several stories are told from the face of Buddy Glass. "The 16th day of Hapworth of 1924" was written in the form of a letter from the summer camp, in which the seven-year-old Seymour depicts himself and the younger brother Buddy. "So: when I look around and listen to the five hundred and most distinctive old American poets - maybe more, - and also read numerous, talented eccentric poets and - especially recently - those capable, seeking new tracks of stylists, I am almost complete confidence that we had only three or four almost a

bsolutely indispensable poet and that, in my opinion, the Simor will definitely be ranked with them. " ("Cimor: Introduction", Per. R. Wright-Kovova).

Twenty stories published in "Kollerz Satadea Ivning Post", "Esquire", "Good House", "Cosmopolitan", and "New Yorker" between 1941 and 1948 appeared in the "Pirate" two-volume edition of 1974 "Completely unfastened stories .D. Salfier. " Many of them reflect the Army Service of the Salinger. Subsequently, the writer experienced Indo-Buddhist influence. He became a passionate adherent of the "Teaching of Sri Ramakrishna", books about Hindu mystics, which was translated into English by Swami Nihilanand and Joseph Campbell.

The first novel of Sallinger, "Above the Pie", was immediately chosen by the club "Book of the Month" and won a huge international fame. It annually dispersed 250,000 copies. Sallinger did not try to help advertising, and stated that in connection with the book, his photograph should not be used. Later, he rejected requests for book screening.

The first review reviews were contradictory, although most critics found the romance brilliant. His name is taken from Robert Burns, which incorrectly quotes the main character Holden Colfield, seeing herself as a "catcher in rye", which should keep all the children in the world from falling with some rages of madness. The work is written as a monologue, on Live slang. Sixteen-year-old hero - which Sallinger was in his youth - runs away from school during the Christmas holidays in New York, find himself and losing virginity. He spends the evening going to the nightclub, it does not avail with a prostitute, and the next day he meets the old girlfriend. After drunk and drunk sneaks home. The former Master Holden is dominated by him. Holden meets with her sister to tell her about the shoot of the house and the nervous breakdown. Humor Roman is relative to his classic works Mark Twain "Adventures Geclberry Finn" and "The Adventures of Tom Sawyer", but his worldview is disappointed. Holden describes everything as "fake" and is constantly in search of sincerity. He is one of the first heroes who embody teenage existential fear, but full of life, he is largely the literary opposite of a young verter, Goethe's hero.

From time to time there were rumors that Sallinger will publish another novel, or that it is printed under the pseudonym, perhaps Thomas Pinchon. "This artist, I noticed, will endure everything. (Even praise, as I am willingly I hope), "said Sallinger to" Simur: Introduction. " From the end of the 60s, he avoided publicity. Journalists assumed that since he did not interview, he had something to hide. In 1961, Time magazine sent a group of journalists to investigate his privacy. "I like to write. I love to write. But I write only for myself for my ow

n pleasure, "said Sallinger in 1974 in an interview with the New York Times correspondent. However, according to Joyce Mainard, who since the 1970s was close to the author, Salinger still writes, but it does not allow anyone to see the work. Mainage was eighteen years old when she received a letter from the author, and after an intensive correspondence she moved to him.

An uncompaired biography of Sallinger of the authorship of Yana Hamilton was rewritten, since he did not agree with the extensive quotation of his personal letters. New version, "In Search by J.D. Salinger, "appeared in 1988. In 1992, there was a fire in the house of Sallinger in Cornish, but he managed to flee from reporters who saw the opportunity to interview him. From the late 80s, Sallinger was married to Collin O'Neill. Mainiard's story about her relationship with Sallinger, "Houses in the World" "(at home in the world) appeared in October 1998. Sallinger violated his silence through his lawyers in 2009, when they began legal actions to stop the publication of an unresolved continuation of the history of Colfield, entitled "Sixty years later: making their way through rye", issued in Britain under the pseudonym John David California. 33-year-old Swedish writer, Fredrik Kalting, before that published humorous books.