A quick-release hanging device includes a base and a detachable part. This base includes a first through hole and a second through hole. The first through hole has a first regular polygonal shape. The second through hole has a substantially round shape. The detachable part includes a movable portion, a hanger and a locking portion. The locking portion has a second regular polygonal shape that is relative smaller than and corresponding to the first regular polygonal shape. The locking portion is rotatable within the second through hole. It is easy to manufacture with low cost. The connected structure is quite solid. Moreover, its application scope is wide.