The present invention relates to an antitumor agent containing a histone deacetylase inhibitor and a topoisomerase II inhibitor in combination. This combination has been found to exhibit a synergistic anticancer or antitumor effect compared to administration of either the histone deacetylase alone or the topoisomerase II inhibitor alone. Thus, this combination provides a tumor or cancer treatment with fewer side effects since a lower dosage of both ingedients may be administered.