US Patent 11568803 Multi-row buffering for active-matrix cluster displays

An active-matrix display with passive-matrix pixel clusters includes pixel clusters each having a cluster controller and a display controller operable to provide pixel data to the cluster controllers. Each pixel cluster includes pixels disposed in an array of N rows (N>=2) and M columns (M>=1), (N+1) memory banks, and a cluster controller operable to control the pixels and memory banks. Each memory bank is operable to store pixel data for a row of pixels. The cluster controller is operable to input pixel data for a row of pixels and store the pixel data in an input memory bank of the (N+1) memory banks and output stored pixel data from one or more output memory banks of the (N+1) memory banks that are not the input memory bank to control corresponding one or more rows of pixels.