A battery holding device is provided for preventing erroneous charging when being electrically connected to a power source. The battery holding device includes a battery holding mechanism and a charging control module. The battery holding mechanism is adapted to selectively accommodate a rechargeable first battery or two non-rechargeable second batteries. The charging control module is configured to control an electrical connection between the battery holding mechanism and the power source, and includes a sensor and a control unit. The electrical connection is allowed by the control unit to permit the first battery to be charged by the power source only when the first battery is installed in the installation space.