An apparatus in one embodiment comprises at least one processing device having a processor coupled to a memory. The processing device is configured to implement a first ledger node of a first cloud having a first set of cloud resources. The first ledger node of the first cloud is configured to communicate over one or more networks with a plurality of additional ledger nodes associated with respective additional clouds having respective additional sets of cloud resources, to monitor auditable information relating to cloud resources of the first cloud and cloud services provided by the first cloud, to associate the auditable information with one or more cloud service transactions, and to generate a cryptographic block characterizing the one or more cloud service transactions and the associated auditable information. The cryptographic block is entered into a blockchain distributed ledger collectively maintained by the first and additional ledger nodes.