A vehicle door latch device includes: a body includes a striker advancing groove into which a striker advances along with closing movement of the door; a latch configured to interlock with the advanced striker so as to be rotatable from an open position to a latched position; a pawl configured to be biased to rotate, in a direction towards an engaged position where the pawl is engageable with the latch in the latched position from a released position where engagement with the latch is canceled, and restrain the door in a closed position by rotating from the engaged position to the released position in conjunction with rotation of the latch, rotating from the released position to the engaged position by biasing force, and engaging with the latch; and a buffer that is made of an elastic member.