Engineer

An engineer (French ingénieur ← from Latin ingenium - ability, ingenuity) is a specialist engaged in engineering activities.

Engineers are involved, as a rule, in all life cycle processes of technical devices that are the subject of engineering, including applied research, planning, design, construction, development of manufacturing technology (structures), preparation of technical documentation, production, commissioning, testing, operation, maintenance, repair, disposal of the device and quality management.

The main content of the engineer's activity is the development of new and/or optimization of existing engineering solutions. For example, optimization of the design solution (including variant design), optimization of technology, management and planning, development management and direct control of production. New engineering solutions often result in inventions. In his activity, the engineer relies on fundamental and applied sciences.

The ancient Greek engineer Archimedes (painting by D. Fetti, 1620).

History

In the second century BC , engineers were the creators and operators of military vehicles/ The concept of "civil engineer" appeared in the XVI century in Holland in relation to the builders of bridges and roads, then in England, Prussia and Russia. In the Russian army of the XVI century, engineers were called "rozmys". The concept and title of engineer have long been used in Russia, where engineering education began with the foundation of Peter I in 1701 in Moscow at the School of Mathematical and Navigational Sciences (the School of Pushkin's Order), and then in 1712 of the first engineering school.

Engineers unite in national, regional, and international scientific societies and professional associations, for example, the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (USA), the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (USA), the Russian Academy of Engineering, the Russian Union of Engineers. Through these organizations, coordination of scientific research, development of technical standards, professional development, protection and representation of the interests of the engineering community, and other activities are carried out. The main form of exchange of ideas, information, and experience for the engineering community is publications in professional publications, as well as professional scientific and scientific-practical forums - congresses, conferences, seminars.

Approximate list of engineer's job responsibilities

• Develops methodological and regulatory documents, technical documentation, as well as proposals and measures for the implementation of developed projects and program

• Studies and analyzes information, technical data, indicators, and results of work, summarizes and systematizes them, and perform the necessary calculations using modern electronic computing equipment.

• Draws up work schedules, orders, applications, instructions, explanatory notes, maps, diagrams, other technical documentation, as well as established reporting on approved forms and within a certain deadline

• Promotes the development of creative initiative, rationalization, invention, and the introduction of achievements of domestic and foreign science, and technology.

Statue of engineer Robert Fulton in the Capitol.