Does Choice Improve the Pain Relief Derived From a Brief Intervention

This project is a single-site, four-arm, randomized controlled trial investigating whether providing patients in an orthopedic clinic waiting room the ability to choose which pain management intervention the receive impacts the degree of pain relief they experience. Participants will be randomized to one of three conditions: 1) a 4-minute pain psychoeducation recording, 2) a 4-minute mindfulness recording, or 3) choice. In the choice condition, participants will be able to choose which recoding (i.e., pain psychoeducation or mindfulness) they would like to listen to.