A core sample extraction system for extracting a plug from soil and removing the plug from the device so that the soil and any roots in the plug can be analyzed includes a boring tube including a top end and a bottom end. The bottom end is driven into soil to isolate a plug of the soil when the boring tube is struck by a mallet. An extraction assembly is positioned in the boring tube. The extraction assembly engages the plug in the boring tube and pushes the plug out of the bottom end when the extraction assembly is forced through the boring tube.