Patent 11639522 was granted and assigned to President and Fellows of Harvard College on May, 2023 by the United States Patent and Trademark Office.
Provided herein, in some aspects, are methods of imaging molecules without a microscope or other specialized equipment, referred to herein as “microscope-free imaging (MFI).” Herein, “molecular instruments” (e.g., DNA-based and protein-based molecules) are used, instead of microscopes, in a “bottom-up” approach for inspecting molecular targets.