360 photography

Also know as immersive photography, VR photography, and spherical photography. 360 photography is a method of photography used to capture a full panoramic photo from all angles. This method of photography was once only reserved for very large companies and researchers, but a number of inexpensive consumer grade cameras came to the market with the rising popularity of virtual reality technology. 

There are a number of projections that a 360 photo can be viewed in:

Projections:

dual spherical projection

equirectangular projection

sterographic projection (also known as "tiny planet")

These projection can be interacted with from a number of devices and players; from web browsers to full VR headsets.

Example of an interactive equirectangular photo inside the browser