Black pepper ( lat. Píper nígrum ) is a perennial climbing plant, a species of the genus Pepper ( Piper ) of the Pepper family ( Piperaceae ).
The plant is cultivated for the sake of the fruit, from which spices such as:
black pepper, obtained from berries suitable for the ripening stage or still slightly unripe;
white pepper , obtained from seeds peeled from the outer shell;
green pepper, under this name several types of processing and degrees of ripeness of the pepper berry can be hidden:
pepper harvested at a slightly earlier stage of ripening than regular black pepper: looks like black pepper, but with a green shell, slightly milder in taste;
peppers picked completely unripe: appearing as round, unwrinkled berries in clusters, used fresh in Indian and Southeast Asian cuisines ;
pepper fermented and processed in various ways (including salted) of the degree of maturity described above; during processing, it changes color and taste properties, but becomes more durable (it is stored longer);
pink / red pepper (the rarest on the market), which is obtained from ripe pepper berries; the shell has a sweetish aftertaste.
