Maksim Fomin

In her pursuit of raising awareness on issues on women’s rights, Savitribai, a pioneer of women’s education and empowerment, established the ‘Mahila Seva Mandal’ in 1852‘Mahila Seva Mandal’ in 1852. She fought against child marriage, organized a strike against the practice of shaving the heads of widows, advocated for widow remarriage, and revolted against caste and gender bias.

The couple set up two educational trusts in the 1850s1850s: the ‘Society for Promoting the Education of Mahars, Mangs, and Etceteras’ and the ‘Native Female School.’ Many of the schools run by Savitribai and Fatima were associated with these trusts. Savitribai and Jotirao ended up opening 18 schools.

By late 1851, the Phule couple were operating three girls’ schools in Pune, teaching around 150 girls150 girls. Both the curriculum and the teaching procedure in the three schools were different from those in government schools, and many considered procedures applied in the former to be superior compared to the ones in the latter. Such repute resulted in the count of girls attending the Phule schools to be much higher than the boys studying in the government schools.

The couple even had to leave the house of Jotirao’s father in 1849. in 1849. The latter asked them to leave, as the couple’s pursuits were regarded a sin in the Brahmanical texts. After leaving his father’s house, Jotirao and Savitribai took shelter in Jotirao’s friend Usman Sheikh’s house, where Savitribai met Usman’s sister, Fatima Begum Sheikh. Fatima knew how to read and write. Encouraged by her brother, Fatima completed a teacher’s training program. She graduated from the ‘Normal School’ along with Savitribai. Following this, the two started a school for the Dalits and other backward castes, in Usman’s house in 1849. Many regard Fatima as the first Muslim woman teacher of India.

Savitribai began educating girls in Maharwada in Pune along with revolutionary feminist Sagunabai, a mentor of Jyotirao. The three eventually launched their own school for women in 1848in 1848 at Bhide Wada. The curriculum of the school included conventional western courses in science, math, and social studies.

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