Kateryna Makhovykh

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration is an independent agency of the U.S. federal government responsible for the civilian space program, as well as aeronautics and space research.

NASA was established in 1958, succeeding the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA). The new agency was to have a distinctly civilian orientation, encouraging peaceful applications in space science. Since its establishment, most US space exploration efforts have been led by NASA, including the Apollo Moon landing missions, the Skylab space station, and later the Space Shuttle. NASA is supporting the International Space Station and is overseeing the development of the Orion spacecraft, the Space Launch System, Commercial Crew vehicles, and the planned Lunar Gateway space station. The agency is also responsible for the Launch Services Program, which provides oversight of launch operations and countdown management for uncrewed NASA launches.

Austfjorden is a fjord in Vestland county, Norway. The 20-kilometre long fjord runs along the border between Alver Municipality and Masfjorden Municipality. It starts in Alver and extends to the northwest. The Masfjorden joins the Austfjorden from the north, and then the Austfjorden empties into the Fensfjorden before reaching the open sea near Fedje. The Austfjorden is the innermost arm of the Fensfjorden. The village of Knarrviki and the Mongstad industrial area lie on the western shore of the Austfjorden. The village of Myking lies on the western shore of the fjord, near the innermost part of the fjord.

On the north side of the Austfjorden there are several deep bays. The first of these is the 2-kilometre long Mjangersvågen with the small village of Mjanger the head of the bay.

The Austefjorden is a small fjord which branches off of the main Voldsfjorden in Volda Municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. The 11-kilometre (6.8 mi) long fjord lies in the Sunnmørsalpene mountains about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) north of the mountain Eidskyrkja in the northeastern part of the municipality. The Austefjorden and the Kilsfjorden join together to form the Voldsfjorden. The village of Fyrde is located at the innermost part of the fjord. There are several small peninsulas and outcroppings that jut out into the fjord, giving the fjord a meandering S-shaped path.

Astafjorden is a fjord in Troms og Finnmark county, Norway. It flows through the municipalities of Salangen, Gratangen, Ibestad, and Tjeldsund. The 30-kilometre (19 mi) long fjord flows from the Salangen fjord in the east to the Vågsfjorden in the west. The 3.5-kilometre (2.2 mi) wide fjord separates the islands of Andørja and Rolla from the mainland. There are several small fjords that branch off this fjord including: Lavangen, Gratangen, Grovfjorden, and Salangen.

The fjord were named after the old Ånstad farm. The first element of the old name comes from the male name Arna or "Arne", the second element staða means "home" or "farm", and the last element fjǫrðr is identical with the word for "fjord". Thus, the fjord by Arne's farm.

Another possible explanation for the origin of the name of the Astafjord in Troms might be that it was named after Queen Asta, mother of King "Hellige" Olav in the 11th century who allegedly brought Christianity to Norway.

Arasvikfjord or Arasvikfjorden is a fjord in Møre og Romsdal and Trøndelag counties in Norway. The fjord is located between Aure Municipality (in Møre og Romsdal) and Heim Municipality (in Trøndelag). The fjord is part of the larger Vinjefjorden, near where the Valsøyfjorden branches off to the south. European route E39 runs along the south shore of the fjord, through the village of Valsøyfjord. The ferry from Hennset to Arasvika crosses the fjord. The Arasvikfjorden is known for its fishery of cod, coalfish, pollock, mackerel, common ling, tusk, and several types of flatfish.

It was in Arasvikfjord that the famous killer whale Keiko, from the movie Free Willy, spent his final days.

Altafjord is a fjord in Alta Municipality in Troms og Finnmark county, Norway. The 38-kilometre (24 mi) long fjord stretches from the town of Alta in the south to the islands of Stjernøya and Seiland. The 200-kilometre (120 mi) long river Altaelva empties into the fjord at the town of Alta. At Stjernøya and Seiland islands, the fjord splits into two straits before emptying into the Norwegian Sea. Some of the larger side-branches off the main fjord include Langfjorden, Kåfjorden, and Korsfjorden.

The fjord was historically known as "Altenfjord", and was referred to as such by British historians throughout most of the 20th century.

Adventfjorden (Advent Bay) is a 7 km long and 4 km wide bay running south-eastwards from the southern side of Isfjorden, on the west coast of Spitsbergen in Svalbard. The name represents a corruption of Adventure Bay - probably named after the Hull-built whaleship Adventure, which operated in Isfjorden in 1656. The fjord was originally known as Klass Billen Bay. At the head of Adventfjorden is Adventdalen (Advent Valley).

The former mining-camp of Longyearbyen (now Svalbard's main town) lies on the fjord's southwestern shore, while another former mining-camp, Hiorthhamn, is located on its northeastern shore.

The international community is a vague phrase used in geopolitics and international relations to refer to a broad group of people and governments of the world. It does not literally refer to all nations or states in the world. The term is typically used to imply the existence of a common point of view towards such matters as specific issues of human rights. It is sometimes used in calling for action to be taken against an enemy, e.g., action against what is in their opinion political repression in a target country.

The term is commonly used to imply legitimacy and consensus for a point of view on a disputed issue, e.g., to enhance the credibility of a majority vote in the United Nations General Assembly.

Institutions, according to Samuel P. Huntington, are "stable, valued, recurring patterns of behavior." Institutions can refer to mechanisms which govern the behavior of a set of individuals within a given community, and are identified with a social purpose, transcending individuals and intentions by mediating the rules that govern living behavior. According to Geoffrey M. Hodgson, it is misleading to say that an institution is a form of behavior. Instead, Hodgson states that institutions are "integrated systems of rules that structure social interactions."

The term "institution" commonly applies to both informal institutions such as customs, or behavior patterns important to a society, and to particular formal institutions created by law as well as custom and having a distinctive permanence in ordering social behaviors. Primary or meta-institutions are institutions such as the family that are broad enough to encompass other institutions.

A nation is a community of people formed on the basis of a combination of shared features such as language, history, ethnicity, culture and territory. A nation is thus the collective identity of a group of people understood as defined by those features. Some nations are equated with ethnic groups and some are equated with an affiliation with a social and political constitution. A nation has also been defined as a cultural-political community that has become conscious of its autonomy, unity and particular interests.

Benedict Anderson characterised a nation as an "imagined community", and Paul James sees it as an "abstract community". A nation is an imagined community in the sense that the material conditions exist for imagining extended and shared connections and that it is objectively impersonal, even if each individual in the nation experiences themselves as subjectively part of an embodied unity with others.