3-D Secure is a protocol that is used as an additional security layer for online credit and debit cards, two-factor user authentication.
The technology was developed for the Visa payment system in order to improve the security of Internet payments within the Verified by Visa (VbV) service. Services based on this protocol have also been accepted by Mastercard payment systems under the name Mastercard SecureCode (MSC) and JCB International as J/Secure, AmEx as SafeKey, Mir (NSPK) as Accept World. American Express added 3-D Secure on November 8, 2010 as American Express Safe Key in some markets and continues to launch it in additional markets. The Mir payment system initially licensed the implementation of the first version of the protocol from VISA. In 2016, Mir independently implemented 3D-Secure 2.0 support and began providing it under the name MirAccept.
