Elena Ivanova

SberBank history

SberBank is the historical successor of Savings Offices, which were established by the decree of Emperor Nicholas I, and later the State Labor Savings Offices. Below are the milestones in the bank’s history, which is closely linked with the course of Russian history.

On November 12, 1841 Russian Emperor Nikolai I orders the formation of savings bank branches “in order to make savings in a reliable and profitable way therethrough.”

Nikolai Christofari, a Loan Treasury officer from St. Petersburg, becomes the first customer of the nation’s first savings bank branch, depositing 10 rubles with a 4% annual interest rate on March 1, 1842. This deposit interest rate is maintained until 1857. By late 1850s the number of depositors reaches 90,000.

On October 16, 1862 Alexander II adopts a new savings bank charter, mandating that such savings bank branches should be created “in all cities, posads, and settlements.” As a result, the offices grew from two small establishments featuring 20 employees in St. Petersburg and Moscow into a nationwide network. By 1895, as many as 3,875 branches are opened holding savings worth RUB 368 mln. This is referred to as the Russian banking sector’s age of flourishing.

In 1895 a new savings bank charter is passed guaranteeing commercial secrecy to customers. New deposit types, like a child trust account, are offered. In 1905, savings bank branches get authorized to sell insurance policies. Since 1915 savings bank branches get opened at post offices in villages.

In 1919 savings bank branches are merged with the People’s Bank of the RSFSR, while in 1925 the network in its entirety is reorganized as USSR’s State Labor Savings Offices. During the New Economic Policy era savings bank branches start issuing bonds that the government uses to finance its industrialization efforts. It was then that savings bank branches started making money transfers and dealing in interest-bearing securities.

During World War II savings bank branches help finance military programs. Four military loans under the tagline “Everything for the front, everything for victory!” gather RUB 72 bln, helping cover 15% of the country’s military expenses. Over the post-war years the number of savings bank branches gets restored to 40,000 in 1951, from 30,000 in 1946.

The banking sector in the USSR makes a giant leap, as the number of savings bank branches doubles to 79,000 from 40,000 to keep up with a 12-fold growth in the number of deposits and nearly a 100-fold growth in their aggregate value. After 1963 – when the branches started accepting housing and utility, tax, insurance and other payments, as well as paying wages to workers and employees of enterprises – almost every USSR citizen becomes a customer of the savings bank offices.

In 1987, the savings bank branches are reorganized into Savings Bank of the USSR under perestroika. SberBank launches its first ATM in 1988, with the massive ATM rollout following suit in 1989. The bank introduces new types of deposits: time deposits, deposits for youth and children, savings accounts. From that moment forward, it’s the bank, rather than the government, that initiates changes to the interest rates. SberBank launches currency exchange services for the first time.

In 1990–1991, Savings Bank is turned into a joint-stock bank. In 1996, shareholders approve the bank’s development concept by 2000, which is intended to transform the institution into a universal commercial bank. The first payment cards are issued and Non-state Pension Fund of SberBank is founded. SberBank’s first step on the global stage is the acquisition of a subsidiary bank in Kazakhstan in 2006.

Herman Gref is appointed as Chairman of the Executive Board of SberBank in November 2007. As soon as next year, the Supervisory Board approves a new development strategy by 2014, which dramatically changes the image of the largest bank in Russia and determines its further development, as it turns from a conservative organization into a hi-tech financial institution.

The bank becomes customer-oriented, as its business processes are transformed systemically, labor efficiency is increased, and innovative approaches are introduced. Centers to process customer transactions are put in place and online services are launched. SberBank is included in the Top 20 of largest financial groups by market capitalization; the bank’s brand becomes one of the most expensive ones in the world. The bank expands its footprint by entering the markets in several countries, including Belarus, and acquires assets of former VS Bank in nine countries of Central and Eastern Europe.

SberBank becomes one of the most efficient financial groups in Russia and abroad. Objectives of the next stage of the bank’s development are to further improve its customer experience, grow as a tech company, and increase human capital. Following the new Strategy 2020, SberBank offers its clients non-financial services. The bank launches its large-scale transformation into a universal tech company with its own ecosystem. The new strategy 2023 was adopted.SberBank becomes one of the most efficient financial groups in Russia and abroad. Objectives of the next stage of the bank’s development are to further improve its customer experience, grow as a tech company, and increase human capital. Following the new Strategy 2020, SberBank offers its clients non-financial services. The bank launches its large-scale transformation into a universal tech company with its own ecosystem. The new strategy 2023 was adopted.

Like any other technology a computer can be a threat. Our life becomes depended on computers. Computer breakdowns are really big problems because all the information on the hard disk can be destroyed and lost. Overuse of computers can make people computer addicts. And spending too much time sitting in front of a computer display is dangerous for our eyesighteyesight.Computers propel our life forward but we have to remember that they have to be used wisely.

Computers propel our life forward but we have to remember that they have to be used wisely.

In November 2007 Gref was elected as president of the state-owned savings bank Sberbank at an extraordinary general meeting.[5] Under Gref's leadership, the bank has undergone a number of radical changes aimed at improving its efficiency and corporate culture.

Gref was a major advocate of Russia's joining the World Trade Organization.[2] He is also responsible for creation of the Stabilisation Fund.[3]

Hermann Gräf ( Russian : Герман Оскарович Греф , romanized : German Oskarovich Gref , born February 8, 1964), better known as Herman Gref , is a Russian politician and businessman. He was the Minister of Economics and Trade of Russia from May 2000 to September 2007.

Herman Gref was born in the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic (now Kazakhstan ) into a family of German deportees who were exiled there in 1941.

There are two versions of what Gref did after graduation.

According to one of them, Gref entered the faculty of international economic relations at MGIMO of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the USSR , but after the first year he was expelled from the university.

According to the other version, after school Gref and his first wife, Elena Velikanova, entered Omsk State University, but failed the exams.

In 1981-1982, he worked as a legal advisor for the Irtysh District Department of the Pavlodar Region .

From 1982 to 1984, Gref served in the army.

After fulfilling two years of military service, he studied law at Omsk State University in Siberia.

After that he enrolled in the post-graduate program at the Law Department of St. Petersburg State University. He graduated in 1993 under the guidance of Anatoly Sobchak. However, he did not defend his dissertation until 2011. In 1992 – 1998 Gref worked on several positions at the Saint Petersburg City Administration. From 1997 to 1998, as vice-governor. This period brought him acquaintances with Vladimir Putin, Alexei Kudrin, Dmitry Kozak, Dmitry Medvedev.

n August 1998, Gref was appointed First Deputy Minister of State Property of the Russian Federation, and was a member of its board until 2000. He was also appointed to the board of the Federal Commission for the Securities Market of the Russian Federation and the board of state-owned Svyazinvest and Gazprom in 1999.

Gref was first appointed as Minister of the newly formed Ministry of Economic Development and Trade on May 18, 2000 and was reappointed to the position in the succeeding Cabinet in 2004.

Gref was a major advocate of Russia's joining the World Trade Organization.[2] He is also responsible for creation of the Stabilisation Fund.[3]

Gref was considered as one of the liberal reformers in Vladimir Putin's administration of the early and mid-2000s, besides Alexei Kudrin. Gref has repeatedly spoken out against the monopolization of the oil and gas sector of the economy.

Gref resigned as minister in 2007 along with Mikhail Fradkov.

At various times he was a member of the board of directors of such state-owned companies as Gazprom", Aeroflot", Rosneft", Svyazinvest, etc.

In January 2018, Gref was added to the US Treasury's "Kremlin list", a list of 210 officials, politicians and businessmen believed to be close to Vladimir Putin. According to the US Department of Treasury, the list is not a sanctions list and no restrictions are automatically imposed on its subjects.

In November 2007 Gref was elected as president of the state-owned savings bank Sberbank at an extraordinary general meeting.[5] Under Gref's leadership, the bank has undergone a number of radical changes aimed at improving its efficiency and corporate culture.

In 2010, speaking at the Davos Economic Forum, Gref spoke in favor of reducing the state's stake in the capital of Russian banks; in particular, he proposed reducing the state stake in Sberbank from 57.6 percent to 50 percent plus one share. In March of the following year, the sale of a 7.58 percent stake in Sberbank was approved by the National Banking Council, and in September 2012 the shares were sold on the stock exchange for $5.22 billion.

In 2019 the shareholders of Sberbank re-elected German Gref for a fourth term. He will be president and chairman of the bank until 2023.

Gref is member of boards and supervisory boards of a number of companies. Until October 2020 he had been a member of board of directors of Yandex.

In February 2019, Gref called upon Russians "to prepare for the very worst of situations" after the U.S. adopted new sanctions against Russia.

Gref married the designer Yana on May 1, 2004 in the throne room of Peterhof Palace.[12] His wife has a teenage son from a prior relationship, just as Gref has a son, Oleg, from his marriage with Yelena, who refused to move to Moscow when Gref was called into the government in 1998.[12][13] Since 2006 the couple has a daughter. Oleg studied jurisprudence in St. Petersburg until 2004 and moved to Germany for further education. Gref speaks German and is an admirer of Goethe and German Expressionism.

In a November 2016 interview with Russian News Agency TASS, Gref admitted to speculating with Bitcoin.

PAR (Russian: Оле́г Евге́ньевич Ме́ньшиков ; born 8 November 1960) is a Russian actor, theatre director and occasional singer.He is the current artistic director of the Yermolova Theatre in Moscow .

Internationally, Menshikov is the best known for his roles in the films by Nikita Mikhalkov Burnt by the Sun (1994), The Barber of Siberia (1998), Burnt by the Sun 2: Exodus (2010) and Burnt by the Sun 2: Citadel (2011), as well as for his performance in Régis Wargnier 's East/West (1999).

Menshikov is the winner of a Laurence Olivier Award , a Nika Award and three State Prizes of the Russian Federation , and the recipient of the Order of Honour of the Russian Federation .

Menshikov was born in Serpukhov , Moscow Oblast , to father Evgeny (born 1934), a military engineer, and mother Yelena (born 1933), a doctor.

Menshikov had his debut role in the 1980 television film Zhdu i nadeyus ( Russian : Жду и надеюсь ; English: I'm Waiting and I Hope ) by Suren Shazbazyan.

The next year he made his film debut in Family Relations , which was his first collaboration with Nikita Mikhalkov . Menshikov then went on to star a series of successful films that made him a star in the Soviet Union , including Flights in Dreams and Reality , My Favourite Clown , Through Main Street with an Orchestra and Moonzund .

He garnered further critical acclaim for his performance in Dyuba-Dyuba (1992), for which he was nominated for a Nika Award .

Menshikov first attracted international media attention in the Globe Theatre production When She Danced , for which he won the Laurence Olivier Award for Best Performance in a Supporting Role .

He gained further success with Nikita Mikhalkov's Burnt by the Sun , in which he portrayed a manipulative and suicidal NKVD agent during Joseph Stalin's Great Purge .

Burnt by the Sun won the Grand Prize at the Cannes Film Festival and the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film .

Menshikov reprised his role in the Burnt by the Sun sequels Burnt by the Sun 2: Exodus (2010) and

A computer is a machine that can be programmed in order to fulfill definite operations automatically. Moreover it can solve a set of problems at the same time and manipulate different data. There are different types of computers: personal computers and workstations, minicomputers and mainframes, and powerful supercomputers.

The most widespread computers are personal general-purpose ones. These computers are used in schools and offices, shops and plants, and, of course, at homes. General-purpose computers consist of a set of necessary components: the central processing unit, memory, a mass storage device, and output and input devices. Nowadays a computer is an affordable way to enrich your life with modern technologies. You can browse the Internet, receive and send e-mails, create and edit documents and presentations, watch films and talk to your friends.

It is difficult to overestimate the huge advantages of computer technologies in modern life. Despite the most obvious ones like being able to store all the necessary documents in one tiny device, computers help to broaden the minds of modern society. The present-day science and production, trade, bank system and health care are impossible without them. Modern computer technologies are really useful for people’s education and development. Why are computers so indispensible?

Firstly, they calculate and process all kinds of data accurately and fast. Of course, there are some mistakes and hardware problems with computer devices but almost all of them happen because of human mistake, because of flawed computer programs created by developers. Secondly, computers help to save storage place. The tons of paper documents are replaced by digital files in a computer and can be easily found. Modern computers are created to be user-friendly. You don’t have to study for a long time to learn how to use a computer. A computer and the Internet give an access to various sources of information, libraries and galleries from the most distant places on our planet.

Like any other technology a computer can be a threat. Our life becomes depended on computers. Computer breakdowns are really big problems because all the information on the hard disk can be destroyed and lost. Overuse of computers can make people computer addicts. And spending too much time sitting in front of a computer display is dangerous for our eyesight.

Computers propel our life forward but we have to remember that they have to be used wisely.

Moscow vs COVID-19. Up-to-date technologies help the city protect and support it’s residents amid the coronavirus pandemic. Learn more from a special project on mos.ru. Moscow vs COVID-19. Up-to-date technologies help the city protect and support it’s residents amid the coronavirus pandemic. Learn more from a special project on mos.ru. ... Moscow has been ranked among top 3 in terms of innovations in the fight against COVID-19 compiled by the StartupBlink international analytical center, specializing in research of innovative ecological systems of various countries and cities of the world. Besides, Moscow is the highest-ranked city in Europe.

After the Soviet Union was over the Russian economy went through a lot of changes. It had a long way of reformations, several world’s crisis and right now it’s a global system of market economy.

The main industry is still an exports of natural gas and oil that are extracted in Western Siberia. Besides our country has a lot of coal and iron ore as well as diamonds.

We export not only natural resources we have. We get a lot of money from selling weapons and military pattern spare parts, microelectronics, pharmaceutical and nanotechnological products.

Shipbuilding has been very well developed in Russia for a long time. There are over 1000 manufactures that design and repair ships of different kinds and tonnage. Most of these manufactures are located in Saint Petersburg, Severodvinsk, Nizhni Novgorod and in Kaliningrad region.

We also have a developed automobile industry. For example, our AvtoVAZ is the biggest manufacture of passenger cars throughout Eastern Europe. Diesel electric locomotives, plane and helicopters are also produced in our country.

Light industry plays an important role in our economy too. Such industries as textiles, clothing production and leather production are also very developed.

No doubt agriculture, food industry, ferrous and non-ferrous metal industry are very important as well. Our country is one of the largest producers of aluminium and nickel and our wheat production is several times bigger than in the USA and of course, our sweets are well known across the world.