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The Tambov Region is a subject of the Russian Federation, part of the Central Federal District. The Central Chernozem Economic region. The area is 34,462 km2. The population is 994,420(2021). The acting head of the administration is Maxim Egorov(2021).
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The Tambov region lies in the southern part of the East European Plain, in the central part of the Oka-Don Plain. The most significant rivers are Tsna (Volga basin), Crow, Bityug and others. The climate of the Tambov region is moderately continental. The average temperature in January is -8 -9, in July +19 +20. Precipitation averages from 450 to 550 mm per year. The Tambov region is located in the forest-steppe zone. Soils — chernozems are typically powerful, in the south — leached, in the north — gray forest soils. Along the valleys and gullies — meadow-chernozem and peat-swamp. Forests occupy about 10% of the territory.
Administrative center: the city of Tambov.
Educated: September 27, 1937.
She was awarded the Order of Lenin on June 22, 1967.
It borders on the Ryazan, Penza, Saratov, Voronezh and Lipetsk regions.
Main article: Geography of the Tambov region
The Tambov region lies in the southern part of the East European Plain , in the central part of the Oka-Don Plain.
The region occupies the central part of the Oka-Donskaya (Tambovskaya) plain (height up to 219 m). The relief is gently undulating, dissected by beams and ravines.
- The Tsentralnoye deposit - 887 million m³ of ilmenite - rutile - zirconium sands with a 4% metal content and, possibly, an industrial gold content near the village of Nikolskoye , Rasskazovsky district.
- Phosphorites , building materials , mineral paints, peat . The most famous sand deposits are Tambovskoe, Polkovskoe.
About 1400 rivers, rivers and streams flow through the territory of the region. The most significant rivers are Tsna ( Volga basin ), Vorona , Bityug , Voronezh and Savala ( Don basin ). Water resources also include about 900 ponds and reservoirs with a total water volume of 534.5 million m³.
The climate of the Tambov region is temperate continental. The average January temperature is -8 -9, July +19 +20. Precipitation on average falls from 450 to 550 mm per year. The south-eastern regions of the region are crossed by the Voeikov axis, especially during the cold period, exerting a certain influence on the climate of these regions.
The Tambov region is located in the forest-steppe zone.
The soils are typical thick chernozems, leached in the south, and gray forest soils in the north. In valleys and gullies - meadow-chernozem and peat-bog.
Forests (the main species are pine, oak, maple, linden, ash, birch, aspen) occupy about 10% of the territory.
The wolf, elk, wild boar, hare, fox, ferret, rodents have survived.
The Voroninsky Reserve is located on the territory of the Tambov region
From the 6th century AD, including in the territory of today's Tambov region, Mordva - Moksha began to form from local ethnic groups. The first Russian settlers appeared here back in pre-Mongol times, but the final settlement took place in the 17th century. To protect the borders of southern Russia from Tatar raids and further development of the Black Earth region, the Russian government built the fortress cities of Kozlov (1635) and Tambov (1636). They reliably blocked the main routes of nomadic raids on Russian lands and opened up the possibility for rapid settlement of the region.
Initially, Tambov and Kozlovsky districts existed in the Tambov region. During the administrative reforms of Peter I in 1708 and 1719, they became part of the Azov (Voronezh) province. In 1779, according to a new administrative division, the Tambov vicegerency arose , and since 1796, the Tambov province with an area of 66.5 thousand km² with 12 counties. It survived almost unchanged until 1928.
During the Civil War , the anti-Bolshevik Tambov uprising (1920-1921) of the Antonovites broke out in the province , caused by drought and raids by Bolshevik food detachments . The rebels remained true to the ideals of the February Revolution and demanded the convening of a Constituent Assembly . During the suppression of the uprising by the Bolsheviks, chemical weapons were used against their citizens.
On July 16, 1928, the transition to the regional, district and district administrative division took place. On the territory of the former Voronezh , Kursk , Oryol and Tambov provinces, the Central Black Earth Region (TsChO) was created. Tambov became the administrative center of the Tambov District (liquidated in 1930).
On June 13, 1934, the Central Black Earth Region was divided into the Kursk and Voronezh regions.
On September 27, 1937, an independent Tambov region was separated from the Voronezh and Kuibyshev regions by a decree of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR. On January 15, 1938, the Supreme Soviet of the USSR approved the creation of the region. Six months later, the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR confirmed this decision. When the region was formed, it included: from the Voronezh region - the cities of Tambov , Michurinsk, Algasovsky, Bondarsky, Gavrilovsky, Glazkovsky, Degtyansky, Zemetchinsky, Izberdeevsky, Inzhavinsky, Kirsanovsky, Krasivsky, Lysogorsky, Michurinsky, Morshansky, Nikiforovsky, Pichaevsky, Platonovsky, Pokrovo-Marfinsky, Rakshinsky, Rasskazovsky, Rudovsky, Sampursky, Neighborhood, Tambovsky, Umetsky , Khobotovsky, Yurlovsky districts, from the Kuibyshev region - the city of Penza , Bashmakovsky, Bedno-Demyanovsky, Bessonovsky, Bolshe-Vyassky, Golitsinsky, Golovinsky, Gorodishchensky, Issinsky, Kamensky, Kerensky, Kondolsky, Luninsky, Morshansky, Narovchatsky, Nizhne-Lomovsky, Pachelmsky , Poimsky, Ramzaevsky, Svishchevsky, Teleginsky, Chembarsky, Shemysheysky districts.
On February 4, 1939, by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, the city of Penza , Bashmakovskiy, Bedno-Demianovskiy, Bessonovskiy, Bolshe-Vyasskiy. Golitsynsky, Golovinsky, Gorodishchensky, Zemetchinsky, Issinsky, Kamensky, Kerensky, Kondolsky, Luninsky, Morshansky, Narovchatsky, Nizhne-Lomovsky, Pachelmsky, Poimsky, Svishchevsky, Sosedsky, Teleginsky, Ternovsky, Chembarsky and Shemysheysky districts are listed as part of the newly formed Penza region.
By a decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated January 6, 1954, the southeastern part of the region was included from the Tambov Region into the newly formed Balashov Region. After the abolition of the Balashov region by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR of November 19, 1957, this territory was returned to the Tambov region.
On October 10, 2017, the Bank of Russia issued a commemorative 10-ruble coin dedicated to the Tambov region.
