Cluster: Artificial intelligence

• Phenoscape

• Gatehouse Bio

• macro-eyes

• BlueDot

• Quantum artificial life

• Synthetic data

Advances in deep learning are expected to increase understanding in quantum mechanics. It is thought that quantum computers will accelerate AI. Quantum computers have the potential to surpass conventional ones in machine learning tasks such as data pattern recognition. The following are topics, companies and technologies that link quantum computing and AI.

• Google AI
• D-Wave Systems

Evolutionary computation is a generic optimization technique that draws inspiration from the theory of evolution by natural selection.

• Genetic algorithms
• Swarm intelligence
• Lenia

While some lines of AI research aim to simulate the human brain. Artificial life or animate approach is concerned with the conception and construction of artificial animals as simulations or actual robots. It aims to explain how certain faculties of the human brain might be inherited from the simplest adaptive abilities of animals. Evolutionary computation is a generic optimization technique that draws inspiration from the theory of evolution by natural selection.

• Genetic algorithms

• Tyde

• Castle Global

• Spoken

• ipvive
• Webtunix
• Red Queen XYZ
• SKAI Labs

• Master (software)

• Altius

• Sentience
• ipvive
• Zephyr
• Shopco Technologies
• Data&Data

• Meitu

• Ople
• Molecula (enabling AI data readiness)

• Rokid

• Mahd
• TenForce
• Algorithmia

• Meitu
• Tyde
• Sentience
• Altius
• Red Queen XYZ
• Spoken
• Zephyr
• Mahd
• Shopco Technologies
• Webtunix
• Algorithmia
• TenForce
• Ople
• Data&Data
• Rokid
• Tesla
• SKAI Labs
• Molecula (enabling AI data readiness)
• Castle Global

• Master (software)

• Cognitive computingCognitive computing: A term favored by IBM for computing designed to augment human intelligence rather than replace it such as helping doctors diagnose disease, guiding financial managers in making recommendations and allowing lawyers to search caselaw more quickly.

Artificial neural network (ANN) processing devices can be algorithms or actual hardware that are loosely modeled after the neuronal structure of the mammalian cerebral cortex. Neural networks are used in the branch of machine learning called deep learning. The following are types of neural networks used in machine learning as well as topics associated with neural networks.

Supervised learning is a type of machine learning in which data is fully labelled and algorithms learn to approximate a mapping function well enough that they can accurately predict output variables given new input data. This section contains supervised learning techniques. For example, Gradient Descent is a technique to optimize neural networks in supervised machine learning. Gradient descent optimization algorithms are used to speed up the learning process of deep neural networks. Another example, Support Vector Machine (SVM), is a type of algorithm that is a discriminative classifier formally defined by a separating hyperplane used for regression and classification tasks.

Semantic computing deals with the derivation, description, integration and use of semantics (meaning, context and intention) for resources including data, document, tool, device, process and people. Semantic computing includes analytics, semantics description languages, integration of data and services, interfaces and applications. In AI, semantic computing involves the creation of ontologies that are combined with machine learning to help computers create new knowledge. Semantic technology helps cognitive computing extract useful information from unstructured data in pattern recognition and natural-language processing.

• The IEEE Computer Society Technical Committee on Semantic Computing (TCSC)
• Resource Description Framework (RDF)

The Internet of Things (IoT) refers to objects that connect and transfer data via the internet and the sharing of information between devices. IoT based smart systems generate a large volume of data including sensor data valuable to researchers in healthcare, bioinformatics, information sciences, policy and decision making, government and enterprises. AI can be combined with machine learning for analysis of data and prediction.

• Artificial Life (ALife): While some lines of AI research aim to simulate the human brain. Artificial life or animate approach is concerned with the conception and construction of artificial animals as simulations or actual robots. It aims to explain how certain faculties of the human brain might be inherited from the simplest adaptive abilities of animals.

While some lines of AI research aim to simulate the human brain. Artificial life or animate approach is concerned with the conception and construction of artificial animals as simulations or actual robots. It aims to explain how certain faculties of the human brain might be inherited from the simplest adaptive abilities of animals.

• Artificial Life (ALife)
• Swarm robotics
• Swarm intelligence
• Swarmalator
• Lenia
• Plantoid
• Cellular Automaton
• Conway's Game of Life

The following are AI programs designed for a specific purpose as well as companies using AI to develop products or producing AI software to serve various sectors.

The following are companies using AI to develop products or producing AI software for various applications. AI programs designed for a specific applications are also listed.

A decision tree is a simple representation for classifying samples. Decision tree algorithms are used in supervised machine learning where data is continuously split according to a parameter.

• Classification and regression trees (CART)
• Iterative Dichotomiser 3
• Random forest
• Extra-Trees
• Recursive partitioning
• Bagging

In machine learning classification problems when there are too many factors or variables, also called features. When most of the features are correlated or redundant, dimensionality reduction algorithms are used to reduce the number of random variables. Certain features are selected and others are extracted.

• Factor analysis

Machine learning models are parameterized to tune their behavior for a given problem. Noise contrastive estimation (NCE) is an estimation principle for parameterized statistical models. NCE is a way of learning a data distribution by comparing it against a defined noise distribution. The technique is used to cast an unsupervised problem as a supervised logistic regression problem. NCE is often used to train neural language models in place of Maximum Likelihood Estimation.

• Noise-contrastive estimation

• CART
• Iterative Dichotomiser 3
• Random forest
• Extra-Trees
• Recursive partitioning
• Bagging

• Factor analysis

• Noise-contrastive estimation

Computer vision is the ability of artificially intelligent systems to “see” like humans. In the computer vision field machines are developed that automate tasks that require visual cognition. Deep learning and artificial neural networks are used to develop computer vision. The following are topics related to computer vision as well as tools and libraries. Companies developing or selling computer vision products are under the Computer Vision subheading under the AI applications and companies section.

• Computer vision
• Convolutional neural network
• Biometric scanning
• Facial recognition
• Self-driving vehicle/ autonomous vehicle
• OpenCV
• Matlab
• TensorFlow
• AForge.NET/Accord.NET
• SimpleCV
• GPUImage
• Google Cloud Vision API
• Amazon Rekognition

Natural language processing is a branch of AI that helps computers understand, interpret and manipulate human language. The following are tools and topics related to NLP. NLP companies developing or selling NLP applications are found in the AI applications and companies section under Natural language processing.

• Natural language processing
• Text-to-speech
• Google Cloud Natural Language API
• Paralleldots
• FriendlyData
• Neural machine translation
• Word2vec
• FastText
• Tacotron
• Tacotron2

Computer vision is the ability of artificially intelligent systems to “see” like humans. In the computer vision field machines are developed that automate tasks that require visual cognition. Deep learning and artificial neural networks are used to develop computer vision. The following are topics related to computer vision as well as tools and libraries. Companies developing or selling computer vision products are under the Computer Vision subheading under the AI applications and companies section.

• Computer vision
• Convolutional neural network
• Biometric scanning
• Facial recognition
• Self-driving vehicle/ autonomous vehicle
• OpenCV
• Matlab
• TensorFlow
• AForge.NET/Accord.NET
• SimpleCV
• GPUImage
• Google Cloud Vision API
• Amazon Rekognition

Natural language processing is a branch of AI that helps computers understand, interpret and manipulate human language. The following are tools and topics related to NLP. NLP companies developing or selling NLP applications are found in the AI applications and companies section under Natural language processing.

• Natural language processing
• Text-to-speech
• Google Cloud Natural Language API
• Paralleldots
• FriendlyData
• Neural machine translation
• Word2vec
• FastText
• Tacotron
• Tacotron2

Evolutionary computation is a generic optimization technique that draws inspiration from the theory of evolution by natural selection.

• Amazon Rekognition

Natural language processing is a branch of AI that helps computers understand, interpret and manipulate human language. The following are tools and topics related to NLP. NLP companies developing or selling NLP applications are found in the AI applications and companies section under Natural language processing.

• Amazon Lex
• Aylien
• AnswerIQ
• Observe.ai
• StatMuse
• Entefy
• Textio

Supervised learning is a type of machine learning in which data is fully labelled and algorithms learn to approximate a mapping function well enough that they can accurately predict output variables given new input data. This section contains supervised learning techniques. For example, Gradient Descent is a technique to optimize neural networks in supervised machine learning. Gradient descent optimization algorithms are used to speed up the learning process of deep neural networks. Another example, Support Vector Machine (SVM), is a type of algorithm that is a discriminative classifier formally defined by a separating hyperplane used for regression and classification tasks.

• Gradient descent
• Support Vector Machine (SVM)

Unsupervised learning is a branch of machine learning that tries to make sense of data that has not been labeled, classified, or categorized by extracting features and patterns on its own. The following are methods used in unsupervised machine learning.

In unsupervised machine learning, clustering is the process of grouping similar entities together in order to find similarities in the data points and group similar data points together.

Ensemble methods are meta-algorithms that combine several machine learning techniques into one predictive model. The purpose is to decrease variance (bagging), bias (boosting), or improve predictions (stacking).

• AnswerIQ

• Observe.ai
• StatMuse
• Entefy
• Textio

• Amazon Lex
• Aylien

Computer vision is the ability of artificially intelligent systems to “see” like humans. In the computer vision field machines are developed that automate tasks that require visual cognition. Deep learning and artificial neural networks are used to develop computer vision. The following are topics related to computer vision as well as tools and libraries. Companies developing or selling computer vision products are under the Computer Vision subheading under the AI applications and companies section.

• Shazura
• AdMobilize
• GumGum
• Viv Labs
• Loom.ai
• Convolutional neural network
• Biometric scanning
• Facial recognition
• Self-driving vehicle/ autonomous vehicle
• OpenCV
• Matlab
• TensorFlow
• AForge.NET/Accord.NET
• SimpleCV
• GPUImage
• Google Cloud Vision API

Computer vision has applications in healthcare, security, manufacturing and transportation.

• GumGum
• AdMobilize
• Loom.ai
• Shazura

• Viv Labs

Machine learning is a technique for realizing AI and it is an application of AI where machines are given access to data from which they learn form themselves.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is intelligence exhibited by machines. This is a cluster of topics in AI or related to AI.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is classified into types based on the degree to which an AI system can replicate or go beyond human capabilities. One classification system uses four types: reactive machines, limited memory machines, theory of mind and self-aware AI. Another classification divides AI into two divisions: Weak AI or Narrow AI and Strong AI or General AI or Artificial General Intelligence. Different branches of AI are referred to by the method used to achieve AI.

Tools, algorithms, libraries and interfaces for machine learning

• CoreML
• Pyro
• Gluon
• Michelangelo (Uber)
• ONNX
• ParlAI
• Fairseq
• AI-Blocks
• Faiss
• MindMeld

Companies that sell deep learning software as products, such as software for self driving vehicles, business management or customer relations.

Reinforcement learning is an area of machine learning focusing on how machines and software agents react in a specific context to maximize performance and achieve reward known as reinforcement signal. The following are algorithms, tools and research topics related to reinforcement learning.

• Reinforcement learning
• OpenAI Baselines
• Tensorflow Agents
• Unity ML Agents
• Nervana systems coach
• ELF
• Pycolab
• Geek.AI MAgent
• Q-Learning
• SARSA
• Temporal difference (TD)

• AlphaGo Zero
• AlphaZero
• DeepStack
• Libratus

• Reinforcement learning
• OpenAI Baselines
• Tensorflow Agents
• Unity ML Agents
• Nervana systems coach
• ELF
• Pycolab
• Geek.AI MAgent
• Q-Learning
• SARSA
• Temporal difference (TD)

• CoreML
• Pyro
• Gluon
• Michelangelo
• ONNX
• ParlAI
• Fairseq
• AI-Blocks
• Faiss
• MindMeld
• Jungle AI
• Bellwethr

CompaniesThe following are AI programs designed for a specific purpose as well as companies using AI to develop products or producing AI software to serve various sectors.

• Bellwethr

• AlphaGo Zero (Deepmind)
• AlphaZero (Deepmind)
• DeepStack
• Libratus

• Michelangelo (Uber)

• Jungle AI