Evgeniy Zelihin

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is classified into types based on the degree to which an AI system can replicate or go beyond human capabilities. One classification system uses four types: reactive machines, limited memory machines, theory of mind and self-aware AI. Another classification divides AI into two divisions: Weak AI or Narrow AI and Strong AI or General AI or Artificial General Intelligence. Different branches of AI are referred to by the method used to achieve AI.

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in furnishing academic courses and granting degrees at baccalaureate or graduate levels. The requirement for admission is at least a high school diploma or equivalent general academic training. Instruction may be provided in diverse settings, such as the establishment's or client's training facilities, educational institutions, the workplace, or the home, and through diverse means, such as correspondence, television, the Internet, or other electronic and distance-learning methods. The training provided by these establishments may include the use of simulators and simulation methods.

A BCI relies on direct measures of brain activity, provides feedback to the user, is processed in real time, and relies on intentional control. BCIs measure central nervous system (CNS) activity, converting it into artificial output in order to replace, restore, enhance, supplement, or improve natural CNS output and changing the ongoing interactions between the CNS and the external and internal environment. BCI systems have applications in neurorehabilitation, assistive device technology, cognitive enhancement, and human-to-computer communication. BCIs are used for communication or control of external prosthetic devices in people living with conditions such as spinal cord injury, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), Locked-in Syndrome (LIS), and Multiple Sclerosis (MS). BCIs can be used for functional electrical stimulation of muscles in a paralyzed person or of peripheral nerves to restore bladder function. BCIs can monitor brain activity during prolonged demanding tasks and detect lapses of attention and alert the person. BCIs are used in research to study CNS function.